Ruthenium |
Symbol | Ru |
---|---|
Latin name | Ruthenium |
Atomic number | 44 |
Period | 5 |
Element category | Transition elements |
Relative atomic mass | 101.07 |
Group | VIII.B |
Electronegativity | 2.2 |
Oxidation numbers | 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 |
Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d7 5s1 |
Density [g/cm3] | 12.41 |
State | Solid |
Melting point [°C] | 2300 |
Boiling point [°C] | 4000 |
Atomic radius [pm] | 178 |
Covalent radius [pm] | 126 |
Thermal conductivity [W m-1K-1] | 117 |
Heat capacity [J K-1g-1] | 0.238 |
Discovery | 1843 |
Hardness [Mohs scale] | 6.5 |
Brinell hardness [MPa] | 2160 |
Young's modulus [GPa] | 447 |
Electrical conductivity [S m-1] | 1.4 · 107 |
Shear modulus [GPa] | 173 |
1.st ionization energy [eV] | 7.3605 |
2.nd ionization energy [eV] | 16.76 |
3.rd ionization energy [eV] | 28.47 |
Stable isotopes | 7 |
Unstable isotopes | 9 |