SymbolMg
Latin nameMagnesium
Atomic number12
Period3
Element categoryAlkaline earth metals
Relative atomic mass24.3050
GroupII.A
Electronegativity
1.2
Oxidation numbers
2
Electron configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Density [g/cm3]
1.735
State
Solid
Melting point [°C]
648.8
Boiling point [°C]
1090
Atomic radius [pm]
145
Covalent radius [pm]
130
Thermal conductivity [W m-1K-1]
156
Heat capacity [J K-1g-1]
1.02
Discovery
1808
Hardness [Mohs scale]
2.25
Brinell hardness [MPa]
260
Young's modulus [GPa]
45
Electrical conductivity [S m-1]
2.24 · 107
Shear modulus [GPa]
17
1.st ionization energy [eV]
7.6462
2.nd ionization energy [eV]
15.035
3.rd ionization energy [eV]
80.143
Stable isotopes
3
Unstable isotopes
5