Gadolinium |
Symbol | Gd |
---|---|
Latin name | Gadolinium |
Atomic number | 64 |
Period | 6 |
Element category | Inner transition elements |
Relative atomic mass | 157.25 |
Group | III.B |
Electronegativity | 1.1 |
Oxidation numbers | 3 |
Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f7 5d1 6s2 |
Density [g/cm3] | 7.9 |
State | Solid |
Melting point [°C] | 1311 |
Boiling point [°C] | 3266 |
Atomic radius [pm] | 233 |
Covalent radius [pm] | 196 |
Thermal conductivity [W m-1K-1] | 10.6 |
Heat capacity [J K-1g-1] | 0.236 |
Discovery | 1880 |
Vickers hardness [MPa] | 570 |
Brinell hardness [MPa] | 180 |
Young's modulus [GPa] | 55 |
Electrical conductivity [S m-1] | 7.7 · 105 |
Shear modulus [GPa] | 22 |
1.st ionization energy [eV] | 6.15 |
2.nd ionization energy [eV] | 12.095 |
3.rd ionization energy [eV] | 20.635 |
Stable isotopes | 7 |
Unstable isotopes | 11 |