Copper |
| Symbol | Cu |
|---|---|
| Latin name | Cuprum |
| Atomic number | 29 |
| Period | 4 |
| Element category | Transition elements |
| Relative atomic mass | 63.546 |
| Group | I.B |
| Electronegativity | 1.9 |
| Oxidation numbers | 1, 2, 3 |
| Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1 |
| Density [g/cm3] | 8.96 |
| State | Solid |
| Melting point [°C] | 1084.5 |
| Boiling point [°C] | 2567 |
| Atomic radius [pm] | 145 |
| Covalent radius [pm] | 138 |
| Thermal conductivity [W m-1K-1] | 401 |
| Heat capacity [J K-1g-1] | 0.385 |
| Discovery | Antiquity |
| Hardness [Mohs scale] | 3.0 |
| Vickers hardness [MPa] | 369 |
| Brinell hardness [MPa] | 874 |
| Young's modulus [GPa] | 130 |
| Electrical conductivity [S m-1] | 6.07 · 107 |
| Electrical resistivity [10-6Ω.m] | 0.0169 |
| Shear modulus [GPa] | 48 |
| 1.st ionization energy [eV] | 7.7264 |
| 2.nd ionization energy [eV] | 20.292 |
| 3.rd ionization energy [eV] | 36.83 |
| Stable isotopes | 2 |
| Unstable isotopes | 9 |